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Sources & methodology

Every district on this map carries its own chain of who ruled it, 1500 to the present — sourced, dated, and flagged by confidence rather than presented as settled fact.

• Shapes: India district boundaries from GADM; US county boundaries from the US Census Bureau; disputed-territory boundaries from geoBoundaries and Natural Earth's disputed-areas layer.
• Rulers & dates: compiled and cross-checked against historical archives, state historical societies, and primary treaty documents.
• Confidence tags: high — well-documented dates; medium — dates approximate or debated among sources; low — genuinely uncertain, or a real simplification of a more complex history, flagged in the district's own notes.

Found an error, or have a source that sharpens a date? hello@empiresuntold.com